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EUPHRESCO III-Special Issue on Plant Health Research Priorities-RESEARCH PAPERS

Quantitative real-time PCR assay for detection and quantification of Anthostoma decipiens, the cause of ‘mal dello stacco’ in hazelnut

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  • Valeria PIATTINO,
  • Ilaria MARTINO,
  • Martina SANNA,
  • Matteo MASPERO,
  • Tommaso DE GREGORIO,
  • Davide SPADARO,
  • Vladimiro GUARNACCIA
Valeria PIATTINO
Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
Ilaria MARTINO
Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
Martina SANNA
Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
Matteo MASPERO
Hazelnut Company division, Ferrero Group, 16 Rue de Trèves – L – 2633 Senningerberg, Luxembourg
Tommaso DE GREGORIO
Hazelnut Company division, Ferrero Group, 16 Rue de Trèves – L – 2633 Senningerberg, Luxembourg
Davide SPADARO
Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
Vladimiro GUARNACCIA
Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36253/phyto-17423
Categories

Published 2026-09-27

Keywords

  • Fungal Trunk Diseases,
  • Nut crop,
  • molecular diagnostic,
  • real-time PCR,
  • pathogen detection

How to Cite

[1]
V. PIATTINO, “Quantitative real-time PCR assay for detection and quantification of Anthostoma decipiens, the cause of ‘mal dello stacco’ in hazelnut”, Phytopathol. Mediterr., Sep. 2026.

Copyright (c) 2026 Valeria PIATTINO, Ilaria MARTINO, Martina SANNA, Matteo MASPERO, Tommaso DE GREGORIO, Davide SPADARO, Vladimiro GUARNACCIA

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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Abstract

‘Mal dello stacco’, a destructive fungal trunk disease of hazelnut, is caused by Anthostoma decipiens. This disease manifests as wedge-shaped cankers, vascular necroses, branch cracking, and reddish masses on bark surfaces. The disease has rapidly increased in incidence and spread, resulting in significant qualitative and quantitative yield reductions. Disease management strategies remain insufficient, without reliable tools for early pathogen detection in hazelnut nurseries or field plantations. This study developed and validated an SYBR Green quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay for the detection and quantification of A. decipiens in hazelnut wood. Primers were designed on the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. The assay was optimized and validated according to EPPO standard PM 7/98 (6), for analytical specificity and sensitivity, selectivity, repeatability, and reproducibility. The primer pair AD8_F/AD16_R successfully amplified a 154 bp fragment in all of 32 A. decipiens isolates, without amplification for 42 off-target species up to 35 cycles. The assay detected up to 100 fg of pathogen DNA in water and hazelnut DNA, with reaction efficiencies from 97% to 100%, and high reproducibility across operators and sessions. The assay was validated on artificially inoculated and naturally infected hazelnut plants from Italy, Spain, and Serbia, and from ten hazelnut cultivars. The qPCR assay developed is a reliable, rapid, and cost-effective diagnostic tool for early detection of A. decipiens, with potential applications in nursery certification, orchard monitoring and epidemiological studies.

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