Vol. 63 No. 2 (2024)
Articles

Montmorillonite nanoclay triggers immunity responses in wheat against Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, and suppresses uredospore germination

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  • Younes M. RASHAD,
  • Mohamed HAFEZ,
  • Mohamed BOUROUAH,
  • Ahmed M. ABD-ELGAWAD,
  • Hany H.A. EL-SHARKAWY
Younes M. RASHAD
Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934
Mohamed HAFEZ
Land and Water Technologies Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab, 21934
Mohamed BOUROUAH
Hahn-Schickard-Gesellschaft für angewandte Forschung e V., Wilhelm-Schickard-Straße 10, 78052 Villingen Schwenningen
Ahmed M. ABD-ELGAWAD
Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460 Riyadh 11451
Hany H.A. EL-SHARKAWY
Mycology Research and Diseases Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36253/phyto-15291
Categories

Published 2024-09-16

Keywords

  • Nanoclay,
  • host resistance,
  • defense,
  • Triticum aestivum,
  • yellow rust

How to Cite

[1]
Y. M. RASHAD, M. HAFEZ, M. BOUROUAH, A. M. ABD-ELGAWAD, and H. H. EL-SHARKAWY, “Montmorillonite nanoclay triggers immunity responses in wheat against Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, and suppresses uredospore germination”, Phytopathol. Mediterr., vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 269–281, Sep. 2024.

Copyright (c) 2024 Younes M. RASHAD, Mohamed HAFEZ, Mohamed BOUROUAH, Ahmed M. ABD-ELGAWAD, Hany H.A. EL-SHARKAWY

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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Abstract

Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici causes the important disease, yellow rust of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Montmorillonite nanoclay (MNC) is naturally occurring and biodegradable. This study assessed in vitro anti-germination effects of MNC on P. striiformis uredospores. Application of MNC at 150 mg L-1 completely inhibited uredospore germination, and MNC at 100 mg L-1 reduced yellow rust severity in wheat plants by 89%. Expression of defense-related genes was increased after MNC treatment at 100 mg L-1, by 5.23-fold for jasmonate and ethylene-responsive factor 3 (JERF3), 4.89-fold for chitinase class II (CHI II), and 2.37-fold for pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR1). Applying MNC at 100 mg L-1 also activated the antioxidant enzymes POD to 62.1 unit min-1 g-1 fresh wt, PPO to 21.6 units min-1 g-1 fresh wt, and CAT to 36.6 units min-1 g-1 fresh wt. MNC also enhanced phenolic content in wheat leaves (to 1489.53 mg 100 g-1 f. wt), and reduced lipid oxidation levels (to 5.6 μmol MDA g-1 fresh wt). MNC at 100 mg L-1 also mitigated damaging effects of P. striiformis infections on host leaf cell ultrastructure, increased leaf photosynthetic pigments, and increased wheat plant growth. These results show that MNC has potential as a natural control agent for yellow rust of wheat, although field testing of MNC is necessary before this material can be recommended for wheat production.

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