Vol. 78 No. 1 (2023)
Review Articles

New frontiers in the teaching of the agricultural enterprise: elements for a debate

Biancamaria Torquati
Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Perugia
Benedetto Rocchi
Dipartimento di Scienze per l’Economia e l’Impresa, Università degli Studi di Firenze
Danilo Gambelli
Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche
Silvio Franco
Dipartimento di Economia, Ingegneria, Società e Impresa, Università degli Studi della Tuscia
Angelo Belliggiano
Dipartimento Agricoltura, Ambiente e Alimenti, Università degli Studi del Molise
Alessio Cavicchi
Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Agro-ambientali, Università degli Studi di Pisa
Paola Gatto
Dipartimento Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali, Università degli Studi di Padova
Maria Teresa Gorgitano
Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II

Published 2023-09-26

Keywords

  • agricultural and natural resource economics,
  • environmental and ecological economics,
  • rural regeneration,
  • agricultural value chains,
  • farm decision tools,
  • economic teaching,
  • internationalization of academic degrees
  • ...More
    Less

How to Cite

Torquati, B., Rocchi, B., Gambelli, D., Franco, S., Belliggiano, A., Cavicchi, A., Gatto, P., & Gorgitano, M. T. (2023). New frontiers in the teaching of the agricultural enterprise: elements for a debate. Italian Review of Agricultural Economics, 78(1), 67–86. https://doi.org/10.36253/rea-14377

Abstract

The ecological transition assigns a strategic role to farms in achieving the sustainable transformation of agricultural systems. Therefore, teaching of agricultural economics must make these demands of civil society its own and rethink topics, decision-making tools, and teaching methods fostering the transition to sustainable agriculture. The main aim of this article is discussing the relevant teaching topics and the useful decision support tools useful for concrete progress in agricultural economics in the cycles of university studies. Five topics are recognized as priorities for the rethinking of courses on agricultural economics: agricultural systems, equitable distribution of value, quality and value of agri-food products, territorial regeneration, protection and regeneration of natural resources. The paper focuses also on the nature and role of decision support tools in university teaching. Finally, some considerations are extended to the opportunities offered by formal teaching in the context of informal training such as university-enterprise cooperation and in the context of the internationalization of degree courses supported by the Erasmus+ program. Further analysis is needed to evaluate how to rethink both single training courses, and global study programs in agricultural economics.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

  1. Ahmed S., Sclafani A., Aquino E., Kala S., Barias L., Eeg J. (2017). Building student capacity to lead sustainability transitions in the food system through farm-based authentic research modules in sustainability sciences (FARMS). Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 5. DOI: 10.1525/elementa.239
  2. Ahumada O., Villalobos J.R. (2009). Application of planning models in the agri-food supply chain: A review. European journal of Operational research, 196(1): 1-20. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2008.02.014
  3. Al-Amin S., Sharkar S.R., Kaiser M.S., Biswas M. (2021). Towards a blockchain-based supply chain management for e-agro business system. In Proceedings of International Conference on Trends in Computational and Cognitive Engineering: Proceedings of TCCE 2020, 329-339. Springer Singapore. 1309: 329-339. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-33-4673-4_26
  4. Alcántara-Rubio L., Valderrama-Hernández R., Solís-Espallargas C., Ruiz-Morales J. (2022). The implementation of the SDGs in universities: a systematic review. Environmental Education Research, 28(11): 1585-1615. DOI: 10.1080/13504622.2022.2063798
  5. Aleffi C., Paviotti G., Tomasi S., Ferrara C., Cavicchi A. (2020). Research, education and co-creation: the university in place/Ricerca, formazione e co-creazione: l’università sul campo. Il capitale culturale. Studies on the Value of Cultural Heritage, (10): 175-187. DOI: 10.13138/2039-2362/2426
  6. AlmaLaurea (2020). Profilo dei Laureati 2019. Rapporto 2020.
  7. Anderson C.R., Maughan C. (2021). “The Innovation Imperative”: The Struggle Over Agroecology in the International Food Policy Arena. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems. 5, 619185. DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.619185
  8. Archer A.A., Higgins A., Thorburn P. (2009). A method for comprehending and adapting complex supply chains in agriculture. Journal on Chain and Network Science, 9(1): 9-15. DOI: 10.3920/JCNS2009.x136
  9. Arfini F., Bellassen V. (2019). Sustainability of European food quality schemes: Multi-performance, structure, and governance of PDO, PGI, and organic agri-food systems. Springer International Publishing. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-27508-2
  10. Arru B., Furesi R., Madau F.A., Pulina P. (2019). Recreational Services Provision and Farm Diversification: A Technical Efficiency Analysis on Italian Agritourism. Agriculture, 9(42): 1-15. DOI: 10.3390/agriculture9020042
  11. Assefa T.T., Meuwissen M.P.M., Oude Lansink A.G.J.M. (2015). Price volatility transmission in food supply chains: A literature review. Agribusiness, 31: 3-13. DOI: 10.1002/agr.21380
  12. Attonaty J.M., Allaya M., Le Grusse P. (2005). Olympe software: user manual. ISBN: 2-85352-305-5
  13. Bandini M. (1959). Economia agraria. Torino, UTET.
  14. Barnett R. (2000). University knowledge in an age of supercomplexity. Higher Education, 40: 409–422. doi: 10.1023/A:1004159513741
  15. Basile G., Cavallo A. (2020). Rural identity, authenticity, and sustainability in Italian inner areas. Sustainability, 12(3): 1272. DOI: 10.3390/su12031272
  16. Bazzani C., Canavari M. (2013). Alternative Agri-Food Networks and Short Food Supply Chains: A review of the literature. Economia Agro-Alimentare, 15: 11-34. DOI: 10.3280/ECAG2013-002002
  17. Belliggiano A., Bindi L., Ievoli C. (2021). Walking along the Sheeptrack… Rural Tourism, Ecomuseums, and Bio-Cultural Heritage. Sustainability, 13(16): 8870. DOI: 10.3390/su13168870
  18. Belliggiano A., Sturla A., Vassallo M., Viganò L. (2020). Neo-endogenous rural development in favor of organic farming: Two case studies from Italian fragile areas. European Countryside, 12(1): 1-29. DOI: 10.2478/euco-2020-0001
  19. Bhaskaran S., Polonsky M., Cary J., Fernandez S. (2006). Environmentally sustainable food production and marketing: Opportunity or hype? British Food Journal, 108: 677-690. DOI: 10.1108/00070700610682355
  20. Bindi L. (2022). BIOCULT. Un centro multidisciplinare di ricerca applicata. Antropologia pubblica, 8(1): 67-86. DOI: 10.1473/anpub.v8i1.248.
  21. Bindi L., Conti M., Belliggiano A. (2022). Sense of Place, Biocultural Heritage, and Sustainable Knowledge and Practices in Three Italian Rural Regeneration Processes. Sustainability, 14(8): 4858: 1-23. DOI: 10.3390/su14084858
  22. Broeze J. (2021). Guidelines for calculating food supply GHG emissions with the ACE calculator. Version: 12 May 2021.Wageningen Food & Biobased Research.
  23. Brunori G., Rossi A., Guidi F. (2011). On the New Social Relations around and beyond Food. Analysing Consumers’ Role and Action in Gruppi di Acquisto Solidale (Solidarity Purchasing Groups). Sociologia Ruralis, 52(1): 1-30. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9523.2011.00552.x
  24. Carlisle L. (2014). Diversity, flexibility, and the resilience effect: Lessons from a socialecological case study of diversified farming in the northern Great Plains, USA. Ecology and Society, 19(3): 45. DOI: 10.5751/ES-06736-190345
  25. Cavicchi A., Rinaldi C., Corsi M. (2013). Higher education institutions as managers of wicked problems: place branding and rural development in Marche Region, Italy. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 16(1030-2016-82960): 51-68. DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.155146
  26. Cavicchi A., Santini C., Paviotti G. (2021). Meccanismi di creazione e trasferimento di innovazione e conoscenza nell’ambito delle piccole-medie imprese agricole e agroalimentari. Agriregionieuropa Numero Speciale
  27. Coase R.H. (1960). The Problem of Social Cost. Journal of Law and Economics, (3): 1-44. DOI: 10.1086/466560
  28. Contini C., Marotta G., Torquati B. (2020). Multi-actor approaches to implement cooperatives strategies and value chains based on sustainability. Agricultural and Food Economics 8(1): 7. DOI: 10.1186/s40100-019-0149-1
  29. Cortese A.D. (2003). The critical role of higher education in creating a sustainable future. Planning for higher education, 31(3): 15-22.
  30. Cosme I., Santos R., O’Neill D.W. (2017). Assessing the degrowth discourse: A review and analysis of academic degrowth policy proposals. Journal of Cleaner Production, 149: 321-334. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.02.016
  31. Costanza R. (1989). What is ecological economics? Ecological Economics 1: 1-7. DOI: 10.1016/0921-8009(89)90020-7
  32. Costanza R. (1992). Ecological economics: the science and management of sustainability. Columbia University Press. ISBN 0 231 075262 6 (hbk)
  33. Cucagna M.E., Goldsmith P.D. (2018). Value adding in the agri-food value chain: Research article. International food and agribusiness management review, 21(3): 293-316. DOI: 10.22434/IFAMR2017.0051
  34. Curran M.A. (a cura di) (2012). Life cycle assessment handbook: a guide for environmentally sustainable products. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-1-118-09972-8
  35. D’Aquino P. (2016). TerriStories, un jeu au service de l’invention collective dans les politiques
  36. publiques. Journal of Sociocultural community development and practices, 10: 71-80. DOI: 10.55765/atps.i10.579
  37. Daly H.E., Farley J. (2011). Ecological economics: principles and applications. Island press. ISBN: 1-55963-312-3 (cloth : alk. paper)
  38. Darnhofer I. (2010). Strategies of family farms to strengthen their resilience. Environmental Policy and Governance, 20(4): 212-222. DOI: 10.1002/eet.547
  39. Dax T. (2020). Neoendogenous Rural Development in Mountain Areas. In Cejudo E., Navarro F. (eds.) Neo-endogenous Development in European Rural Areas (pp. 3-19). Springer Geography, Cham. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-33463-5_1
  40. De Benedictis M., Cosentino V. (1979). Economia dell’azienda agraria. Teoria e metodi. Il Mulino, Bologna.
  41. De Rosa M., McElwee G., Smith R. (2019). Farm diversification strategies in response to rural policy: a case from rural Italy. Land Use Policy, 81: 291-301. DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.11.006
  42. De Rubertis S., Belliggiano A., Forges Davanzati G., Pacella A., Salento A. (2012). I programmi di sviluppo rurale delle regioni convergenza: un’analisi critica. In Amato V. (eds.), Innovazione, impresa e competitività territoriale nel Mezzogiorno (pp. 187-201). Aracne, Roma. DOI: https://hdl.handle.net/11587/385766
  43. De Rubertis, S. (2019). Dinamiche insediative in Italia: spopolamento dei comuni rurali. In Cejudo E., Navarro F. (eds.) Despoblación y transformaciones so-ciodemográficas de los territorios rurales: los casos de España, Italia y Francia. Perspectives on rural development, series Volume 3 (pp. 71-96), SIBA-ESE Università del Salento, Lecce. DOI: 10.1285/i26113775n3p71
  44. Del Giudice T., Cavallo C., Vecchio R. (2018). Credence attributes, consumers trust and sensory expectations in modern food market: Is there a need to redefine their role?, International Journal on Food System Dynamics, 9(4): 307-313 DOI: 10.18461/ijfsd.v9i4.941
  45. Dias R.S., Costa D.V.T.A., Correia H.E., Costa C.A. (2021). Building bio-districts or eco-regions: participative processes supported by focal groups. Agriculture, 11(6), 511. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11060511
  46. Donatelli M., Russell G., Rizzoli A. (2009). APES: Agricultural Production and Externalities Simulator. M.K. van Ittersum, J. Wolf, H.H. Van Laar (Eds.). Proceedings of the Conference on Integrated Assessment of Agriculture and Sustainable Development: Setting the Agenda for Science and Policy (AgSAP 2009). Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen.
  47. Esparcia J., Abbasi F. (2020). Territorial Governance and Rural Development: Challenge or Reality?. In Cejudo E., Navarro F. (eds.) Neo-endogenous Development in European Rural Areas (pp. 33-60). Springer Geography, Cham. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-33463-5_3
  48. Etzkowitz H. (2008). The triple helix: Industry, university, and government in innovation. New York: Routledge
  49. European Parliament and the Council. (2019). Directive (EU) 2019/633 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 April 2019 on unfair trading practices in business-to-business relationships in the agricultural and food supply chain
  50. European Union SCAR AKIS. (2019). Preparing for Future AKIS in Europe. Brussels, European Commission
  51. FAO (2019). TAPE – Tool for Agro-ecology Performance Evaluation. Process of development and guidelines for application. Rome.
  52. Filippi M., Chapdaniel A. (2021). Sustainable demand-supply chain: An innovative approach for improving sustainability in agrifood chains. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 24(2): 321-335. DOI: 10.22434/IFAMR2019.0195
  53. Flanigan S., Blackstock K., Hunter C. (2014). Agritourism from the perspective of providers and visitors: A typology-based study. Tourism Management, 40: 394-405. DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2013.07.004
  54. Flichman G. (a cura di) (2011). Bio-economic models applied to agricultural systems. Springer Science & Business Media. DOI: 10.1007/978/94-007-1902-6
  55. Georgescu-Roegen N. (1976). Energy and Economic Myths : institutional and analytical economic essays. Pergamon Press, New York.
  56. Gerrard C., Smith L.G., Pearce B., Padel S., Hitchings R., Measures, M. (2012). Public Goods and Farming, Farming for Food and Water Security. Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, (8380): 1-22. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4500-1_1
  57. Giarè F., Vagnozzi A. (2021). Governance’s effects on innovation processes: the experience of EIP AGRI’s Operational Groups (OGs) in Italy. Italian Review of Agricultural Economics, 76(3): 41-52. DOI: 10.36253/rea-13206
  58. Goldsmith P., Salvador A., Knipe D., Kendall E. (2002). Structural change or logical incrementalism? Turbulance in the global meat system. Journal on Chain and Network Science, (2): 101-115. DOI: 10.3920/JCNS2002.x022
  59. Gorgitano M.T., Lombardi P., Verneau F., Caracciolo F. (2012). Supply chain e sostenibilità: il caso del pomodoro San Marzano Dop. Economia agro-alimentare, 3. DOI 10.3280/ECAG2012-003004
  60. Gorgitano M.T., Sodano V. (2019a). Differentiation policies in the italian market of extra virgin olive oil. Quality – Access to Success, 20(S2): 274-279.
  61. Gorgitano M.T., Sodano V. (2019b). Multi-tier store brand strategies: a case study. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 28(3): 364-375. DOI: 10.1108/JPBM-11-2017-1681
  62. Gorgitano M.T., Sodano V. (2022). Framing Political Issues in Food System Transformative Changes. Social Sciences, 11(10): 459. DOI: 10.3390/socsci11100459
  63. Gorgitano M.T., Torquati B. (2003). Il business plan. Torquati B. (a cura di) Economia e gestione dell’impresa agraria. Edagricole, Bologna
  64. Grunert K.G. (2005). Food quality and safety: Consumer perception and demand. European Review of Agricultural Economics, 32(3): 369-391. DOI: 10.1093/eurrag/jbi011
  65. Hani F., Braga F., Stampfli A., Keller T., Fischer M., Porsche H. (2003). RISE, a tool for holistic sustainability assessment at the farm level. International Food Agribusiness Management Review, (6): 78-90. DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.34379
  66. Hernández-Mogollón J.; Campón-Cerro A., Leco-Berrocal F., Pérez-Díaz A. (2011). Agricultural diversification and the sustainability of agricultural systems: Possibilites for the development of agrotourism. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, 10(12): 1911-1921. DOI: 10.30638/eemj.2011.255
  67. Holzworth D.P., Snow V., Janssen S., Athanasiadis I.N., Donatelli M., Hoogenboom G., White J.W., Thorburn P. (2015). Agricultural production systems modelling and software: Current status and future prospects. Environmental Modelling & Software, (72): 276-286. DOI: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.12.013
  68. Howes R. (2002). Environmental Cost Accounting: An Introduction and Practical Guide; The Chartered Institute of Management Accountants: London, UK
  69. Ievoli C., Belliggiano A., Marandola D., Milone P., Ventura F. (2019). Information and communication infrastructures and new business models in rural areas: The case of Molise region in Italy. European Countryside, 11(4): 475-496. DOI: 10.2478/euco-2019-0027
  70. Jetté-Nantel S., Freshwater D., Katchova A.L., Beaulieu M. (2011). Farm income variability and off farm diversification among Canadian farm operators. Agricultural Finance Review, 71(3): 329-346. DOI: 10.1108/00021461111177602
  71. Jose A., Shanmugam P.V. (2020). Supply chain issues in SME food sector: a systematic review. Journal of Advances in Management Research, 17(1): 19-65. DOI: 10.1108/JAMR-02-2019-0010
  72. Kirschke D. (2019). German Journal of Agricultural Economics, 68(Suppl. 2): 42-47. ISSN 00021121
  73. Kloehn, S. (2020). The role of internationalisation in improving the quality of degree programmes. In Schmidt P., Lewark S., Pirotti F., Weber N. (Eds.) Quality management and accreditation for study programmes in forest sciences and related disciplines. Proceedings of the SILVA Network Conference, University of Padua, June 27th -29th, 2018 SILVA Publications 16. Technische Universität Dresden and the Sächsische Landesbibliothek – Staats- und Universitätsblibiothek, Dresden, Germany. ISBN 078-3-86780-658-9
  74. Kotler P., Keller K.L. (2012). Marketing Management, 14 ed., Pearson Educational Limited
  75. Labianca M., De Rubertis S., Belliggiano A., Salento A., Navarro F. (2020). Social innovation, territorial capital and LEADER experiences in Andalusia (Spain) and in Molise (Italy). In Cejudo E., Navarro F. (eds.) Neo-endogenous Development in European Rural Areas, 111-131. Springer Geography, Cham. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-33463-5_6
  76. Lange A., Piorr A., Siebert R., Zasada I. (2013). Spatial differentiation of farm diversification: how rural attractiveness and vicinity to cities determine farm households’ response to the CAP. Land Use Policy, 31: 136-144. DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2012.02.010
  77. Lans T., Blok V., Wesselink R. (2014). Learning apart and together: towards an integrated competence framework for sustainable entrepreneurship in higher education. Journal of Cleaner Production, 62: 37-47. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.03.036
  78. Lewis G., Crispin S., Bonney L., Woods M., Fei J., Ayala S., Miles M. (2014). Branding as innovation within agribusiness value chains. Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship, 16: 146-162. DOI: 10.1108/JRME-03-2014-0005
  79. Lupi C., Giaccio V., Mastronardi L., Giannelli A., Scardera A. (2017). Exploring the features of agritourism and its contribution to rural development in Italy. Land Use Policy, 64: 383-390. DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.03.002
  80. Mahajan R., Garg S., Sharma P.B. (2017). Processed food supply chain: a framework for literature review. Journal of Advances in Management Research, 14: 91-109. DOI: 10.1108/JAMR-05-2016-0035
  81. Maini E., De Rosa M., Vecchio Y. (2021). The role of education in the transition towards sustainable agriculture: A family farm learning perspective. Sustainability, 13(14): 8099 DOI: 10.3390/su13148099
  82. Malorgio G., Marangon F. (2021). Agricultural business economics: the challenge of sustainability. Agricultural and Food Economics, 9(1): 1-4. DOI: 10.1186/s40100-021-00179-3
  83. Marsden T., Banks J., Bristow G. (2000) Food Supply Chain Approaches: Exploring their Role in Rural Development. Sociologia Ruralis, 40(4): 424-438. DOI: 10.1111/1467-9523.00158
  84. Martínez-Alier J. (1987). Ecological Economics: Energy, Environment and Society. Oxford: Basil Blackwell
  85. Molina N., Brunori G., Favilli E., Grando S., Proietti P. (2021). Farmers’ participation in operational groups to foster innovation in the agricultural sector: An Italian case study. Sustainability, 13(10): 5605. DOI: 10.3390/su13105605
  86. Muma M., Martin R., Shelley M. (2022). Teacher Differences in Beliefs and Perceptions About Sustainable Agriculture: Influence on the Teaching of High School Agriculture Curriculum. DOI: 10.5539/ass.v18n10p20
  87. Navarro F.A., Woods M., Cejudo E. (2016). The LEADER initiative has been a victim of its own success. The decline of the bottom up approach in rural development programmes. The cases of Wales and Andalusia. Sociologia Ruralis, 56(2): 270-288. DOI: 10.1111/soru.12079
  88. Ng D., Litzenberg K. (2019). Overcoming disciplinary divides in higher education: The case of agricultural economics. Palgrave Communications, 5(1): 1-7. DOI: 10.1057/s41599-019-0235-8
  89. Osterwalder A., Pigneur Y. (2010). Business model generation: a handbook for visionaries, game changers, and challengers (Vol. 1). John Wiley and Sons
  90. Paffarini C., Torquati B., Tempesta T., Venanzi S., Vecchiato D. (2021). Rural sustainability and food choice: the effect of territorial characteristics on the consumers’ preferences for organic lentils. Agricultural and Food Economics, 9(1): 29. DOI: 10.1186/s40100-021-00200-9
  91. Paviotti G., Cavicchi A. (2019). Il tutoring nei contesti informali: il caso della” International Student Competition on Place Branding and Mediterranean Diet”. Formazione, lavoro, persona, 25: 181-190. ISSN: 2039-4039
  92. Quadrio Curzio A., Scazzieri R. (1983). Sui momenti costitutivi dell’economia politica. Bologna, Il Mulino
  93. Ranga M., Etzkowitz H. (2013). Triple Helix systems: an analytical framework for innovation policy and practice in the Knowledge Society. Industry and higher education, 27(4): 237-262. DOI: 10.5367/ihe.2013.0165
  94. Rastoin J.L. (2010). Traditional food production, market segments and rural sustainable development: a synthesis. In Vaz T., Nijkamp P., Rastoin J-L. (eds.), Traditional Food Production and Rural Sustainable Development, 277-282. Ashgate, Farnham
  95. Ray C. (2001). Culture economies: A perspective on local rural development in Europe. University of Newcastle, Newcastle
  96. Renting H., Marsden T.K., Banks J. (2003). Understanding alternative food networks: exploring the role of short food supply chains in rural development. Environment and Planning A, 35: 393-411. DOI: 10.1068/a3510
  97. Rezitis A.N., Tsionas M. (2019). Modeling asymmetric price transmission in the European food market. Economic Modelling, 76: 216-230. DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2018.08.004
  98. Romagnoli A. (a cura di) (1996). Teoria dei processi produttivi. Uno studio sull’unità tecnica di produzione. Giappichelli Editore, Torino
  99. Rovai M., Andreoli M. (2016). Combining multifunctionality and ecosystem services into a win-win solution. The case study of the Serchio River Basin (Tuscany-Italy). Agriculture 6(49): 1-25. DOI: 10.3390/agriculture6040049
  100. Samuelson P.A. (1954). The Pure Theory of Public Expenditure. Review of Economics and Statistics, 36(4): 387-389. DOI: 10.2307/1925895
  101. Scialabba N., Grenz J., Henderson E., Nemes N., Sligh M., Stansfield J., Lee S., Brugère C., Bentacur M., Kneeland D., Larrea C., Bianchi G. (2014). Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture systems (SAFA) Indicators. Natural Resources Management and Environment Department. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome
  102. Scuderi A., Foti V., Timpanaro G. (2019). The supply chain value of pod and pgi food products through the application of blockchain. Quality Access to Success, 20: 580-587. ISSN 15822559
  103. Secco L., Masiero M., Leonardi A., Brotto L., O’Driscoll C., Pettenella D., Gatto P. (2020). International e-learning courses within Forest Science MSc Programme at the University of Padova, in Italy: Potential and challenges for quality assurance. In Schmidt P., Lewark S., Pirotti F., Weber N. (a cura di) Quality management and accreditation for study programmes in forest sciences and related disciplines. Proceedings of the SILVA Network Conference, University of Padua, June 27th -29th, 2018 SILVA Publications 16. Technische Universität Dresden and the Sächsische Landesbibliothek – Staats – und Universitätsblibiothek, Dresden, Germany. ISBN 078-3-86780-658-9
  104. Sodano V., Gorgitano M.T. (2022). Framing Political Issues in Food System Transformative Changes. Social Sciences, 11(10): 459. DOI: 10.3390/socsci11100459
  105. Srinivasan S.S., Till B.D. (2002). Evaluation of search, experience, and credence attributes: role of brand name and product trial. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 11(7): 417-431. DOI 10.1108/10610420210451616
  106. Steenkamp J.E.B.M. (1989). Product quality. An investigation into the concept and how it is perceived by consumers, Van Gorcum, Assen/Maastricht
  107. Stiglitz D.J. (2009). Moving beyond market fundamentalism to a more balanced economy. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 80(3): 345-360. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8292.2009.00389.x
  108. Stockle C.O., Donatelli M. (1997). The CropSyst model: a brief description. Plentinger M.C., de Vries F.P. (Eds.). Rotation models for ecological farming. CAMASE/PE workshop report. Quantitative Approaches in Systems Analysis No. X. AB-DLO, Wageningen, The Netherlands 35-43
  109. Stoustrup Sune Wiingaard (2022). The re-coding of rural development rationality: tracing EU Governmentality and Europeanisation at the local level, European Planning Studies, 30(12): 2474-2491. DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2009776
  110. Streifeneder T., Dax T. (2020). Agritourism in Europe: Enabling Factors and Current Developments of Sustainable On-Farm Tourism in Rural Areas. In Kala, D., Bagri, S.C. (eds.) Global Opportunities and Challenges for Rural and Mountain Tourism, 40-58. IGI Globa, Hershey, PA. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-1302-6.ch003
  111. Sukhdev P. (2018). WORLD VIEW Smarter metrics will help fix our food system. Nature 558: 7708. Gale Academic OneFile.
  112. Sukhdev P., Wittmer H., Miller D. (2014). The economics of ecosystems and biodiversity (TEEB): challenges and responses. Nature in the balance: the economics of biodiversity, 135-152
  113. Taylor D.H. (2005). Value chain analysis: An approach to supply chain improvement in agri-food chains. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 35: 744-761. DOI: 10.1108/09600030510634599
  114. TEEB (2010). The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity: Mainstreaming the Economics of Nature: A Synthesis of the Approach, Conclusions and Recommendations of TEEB. Malta
  115. Tendall D.M., Joerin J., Kopainsky B., Edwards P., Shreck A., Le Q.B., Kruetli P., Grant M., Six J. (2015). Food system resilience: Defining the concept. Global Food Security, 6: 17-23. DOI: 10.1016/j.gfs.2015.08.001
  116. Tomasi S., Cavicchi A., Aleffi C., Paviotti G., Ferrara C., Baldoni F., Passarini P. (2021). Civic universities and bottom-up approaches to boost local development of rural areas: the case of the University of Macerata. Agricultural and Food Economics, 9(1): 1-23. DOI: 10.1186/s40100-021-00185-5
  117. Tonner A., Wilson J. (2015). Farm retailing: motivations and practices. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 16(2): 111-121. DOI 10.5367/ijei.2015.0181
  118. Torquati B., Cecchini L., Paffarini C., Chiorri M. (2021). The economic and environmental sustainability of extra virgin olive oil supply chains: An analysis based on food miles and value chains. Economia Agro-Alimentare, 23(1): 4. DOI: 10.3280/ecag1-2021oa11391
  119. Torquati B., Tempesta T., Vecchiato D., Venanzi S., Paffarini C. (2017). The value of traditional rural landscape and nature protected areas in tourism demand: a study on agritourist’s preferences. Landscape on line, 53: 1-18. DOI: 10.3097/LO.201753
  120. Toussaint M., Cabanelas P., Blanco-González A. (2021). Social sustainability in the food value chain: An integrative approach beyond corporate social responsibility. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 28(1): 103-115. DOI: 10.1002/csr.2035
  121. UNECE FAO. (2018). Green Jobs in the Forest Sector. Geneva timber and forest discussion paper 71. United Nations publication issued by the Economic Commission for Europe (ECE). ISBN: 978-92-1-117160-0
  122. Universitaly (2023). Elenchi dei corsi internazionali.
  123. Valderrama-Hernández R., Sánchez-Carracedo F., Alcántara Rubio L., Limón-Domínguez D. (2019). Methodology to analyze the effectiveness of ESD in a higher degree in education. A case study. Sustainability, 12(1): 222. DOI: 10.3390/SU12010222
  124. Van der Ploeg J.D. (2012). The New Peasantries: Struggles for Autonomy and Sustainability in an Era of Empire and Globalization; Routledge, London
  125. Ventura F., Schiavelli A., Milone P. (2016). Direct Food. Saggine Donzelli, Roma
  126. Viganò E., Maccaroni M., Righi S. (2022). Finding the right price: supply chain contracts as a tool to guarantee sustainable economic viability of organic farms. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 25(3): 411-426. DOI: 10.22434/IFAMR2021.0103
  127. Wezel A., Herren B.G., Kerr R.B., Barrios E., Concalves A.L.R., Sinclair F. (2020). Agroecological principles and elements and their implications for transitioning to sustainable food systems. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 40: 40. DOI: 10.1007/s13593-020-00646-z
  128. Wojtkowski P. (2010). Agroecological economics: Sustainability and biodiversity. Elsevier. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-374117-2.X5001-8.
  129. Wreford A., Ignaciuk A., Gruère G. (2017). Overcoming barriers to the adoption of climate-friendly practices in agriculture. OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Paper, 101(101). DOI: 10.1787/97767de8-en
  130. Zuppiroli M. (2019). Mercati finanziari delle commodity agricole. Il Mulino.