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EUPHRESCO III-Special Issue on Plant Health Research Priorities-REVIEW

Phytophthora in forestry, natural environments, agriculture, and horticulture of the Mediterranean Basin and emerging Phytophthora threats from other regions

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  • Ana PÉREZ-SIERRA,
  • Thomas JUNG,
  • Marilia HORTA JUNG,
  • József BAKONYI,
  • Alessandra BENIGNO,
  • David COOKE,
  • Tugba DOĞMUŞ-LEHTIJÄRVI,
  • Ilker KURBETLI,
  • Rachid LAHLALI,
  • Federico LA SPADA,
  • Ivan MILENKOVIĆ,
  • Carmen MORALES-RODRÍGUEZ,
  • Salvatore MORICCA,
  • Jonás OLIVA,
  • Bruno SCANU,
  • Alejandro SOLLA,
  • Andrea VANNINI,
  • Stephen WOODWARD,
  • Santa Olga CACCIOLA
Ana PÉREZ-SIERRA
Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Centro de Protección Vegetal, Moncada, 46113 Valencia, Spain
Thomas JUNG
Department of Forest Protection and Wildlife Management, Phytophthora Research Centre, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
Marilia HORTA JUNG
Department of Forest Protection and Wildlife Management, Phytophthora Research Centre, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
József BAKONYI
HUN-REN Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, Fehérvári str. 132-144, 1116 Budapest, Hungary
Alessandra BENIGNO
Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy
David COOKE
The James Hutton Institute, Plant Pathology, Invergowrie, Invergowrie, Dundee, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, DD2 5DA
Tugba DOĞMUŞ-LEHTIJÄRVI
Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, 32260, Isparta, Turkey
Ilker KURBETLI
Plant Health Department, Bati Akdeniz Agricultural Research Institute, Antalya 07112, Türkiye
Rachid LAHLALI
Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection and Environment, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Km 10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Meknes 50001, Morocco
Federico LA SPADA
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
Ivan MILENKOVIĆ
Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
Carmen MORALES-RODRÍGUEZ
Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food, and Forestry Systems, Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy
Salvatore MORICCA
Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy
Jonás OLIVA
Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
Bruno SCANU
Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39A, 07100 Sassari, Italy
Alejandro SOLLA
Faculty of Forestry, Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida Virgen del Puerto 2, 10600 Plasencia, Spain
Andrea VANNINI
Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food, and Forestry Systems, Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy
Stephen WOODWARD
Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, 32260, Isparta, Turkey
Santa Olga CACCIOLA
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 100, 95123 Catania, Italy
Categories

Published 2026-07-27

Keywords

  • Pathways,
  • Detection,
  • Surveillance,
  • Management

How to Cite

[1]
A. PÉREZ-SIERRA, “Phytophthora in forestry, natural environments, agriculture, and horticulture of the Mediterranean Basin and emerging Phytophthora threats from other regions”, Phytopathol. Mediterr., Jul. 2026.

Copyright (c) 2026 Ana PÉREZ-SIERRA, Thomas JUNG, Marilia HORTA JUNG, József BAKONYI, Alessandra BENIGNO, David COOKE, Tugba DOĞMUŞ-LEHTIJÄRVI, Ilker KURBETLI, Rachid LAHLALI, Federico LA SPADA, Ivan MILENKOVIĆ, Carmen MORALES-RODRÍGUEZ, Salvatore MORICCA, Jonás OLIVA, Bruno SCANU, Alejandro SOLLA, Andrea VANNINI, Stephen WOODWARD, Santa Olga CACCIOLA

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

Phytophthora is one of the most destructive genera of plant pathogens, comprising more than 260 described species, with numerous cryptic and undescribed taxa that remain undetected. These oomycetes cause severe diseases in agriculture, horticulture, forestry and natural ecosystems resulting in major economic losses, altered forest dynamics and biodiversity decline. The Mediterranean Basin is particularly vulnerable to these pathogens, due to high crop diversity, rich endemic flora, intensive plant trade networks, and climatic conditions that favour pathogen establishment and spread. Most damaging Phytophthora species are exotic, introduced primarily through infected nursery stock, contaminated soil or irrigation and river water. Their impacts are also affected by environmental stresses, climate change, intensive cultivation and interactions and connectivity among agricultural, forest and natural landscapes. New diagnostic tools and global surveys have revealed significant and previously undiscovered diversity and ongoing biosecurity risks for these pathogens. Effective management and mitigation require harmonised surveillance systems, robust early detection tools, production of pathogen-free planting material, improved hygiene and cultivation practices, and breeding for host tolerance. These approaches must be integrated within broad landscape-level strategies, to safeguard biodiversity and enhance ecosystem resilience across the Mediterranean Basin ecosystems.

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