Vol. 64 No. 1 (2025)
Articles

Alternaria and Curvularia leaf spot pathogens show high aggressivity on watermelon, and are emerging pathogens in cucurbit production

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  • Cristina PAREDES-MACHADO,
  • Verëlindë BOGAJ,
  • Viktor PAPP,
  • Gábor BALÁZS,
  • David PAPP
Cristina PAREDES-MACHADO
Department of Fruit Growing, Institute of Horticulture, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Budapest, Hungary
Verëlindë BOGAJ
Department of Fruit Growing, Institute of Horticulture, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Budapest, Hungary
Viktor PAPP
Department of Botany, Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary
Gábor BALÁZS
Department of Vegetable and Mushroom Growing, Institute of Horticulture, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Budapest, Hungary
David PAPP
Department of Fruit Growing, Institute of Horticulture, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Budapest, Hungary
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36253/phyto-15955
Categories

Published 2025-05-14

Keywords

  • Alternaria alternata,
  • Alternaria arborescens,
  • bar coding,
  • leaf spot,
  • Citrullus spp.

How to Cite

[1]
C. PAREDES-MACHADO, V. BOGAJ, V. PAPP, BALÁZS G., and D. PAPP, “Alternaria and Curvularia leaf spot pathogens show high aggressivity on watermelon, and are emerging pathogens in cucurbit production”, Phytopathol. Mediterr., vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 41–55, May 2025.

Copyright (c) 2025 Cristina PAREDES-MACHADO, Verëlindë BOGAJ, Viktor PAPP, Gábor BALÁZS, David PAPP

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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Abstract

Fungal leaf spot pathogens of cucurbits cause significant yield losses. They cause extensive leaf necroses and defoliation, reducing host photosynthesis. They increase risks of fruit sunscald, and can cause substantial crop damage. Alternaria cucumerina has been recognized as the causal agent of leaf spot disease of cucurbits, and recent studies have identified other Alternaria species, and other emerging pathogens such as Curvularia. This study characterized 25 isolates obtained from infected watermelon and cucumber leaves from Hungary, Spain, and Kosovo. Morphological characterization and molecular analyses using TEF1-α, HIS3, and ITS gene regions identified Alternaria alternata and A. arborescens, and for the first time on this host, the genus Curvularia. Detached leaf assays of ten isolates on 73 watermelon accessions showed variation in isolate pathogenicity. The tested Curvularia isolate was the most aggressive, followed by the A. arborescens  and A. alternata isolates, although A. alternata was the most frequently identified  species. These results highlight the potential for emerging fungal pathogens causing cucurbit leaf spot, such as Curvularia sp., and show that these fungi can cause damage on economically important plants. This study also showed differing resistance within the watermelon collection, indicating potential for the plant introduction (PI) accessions as sources of resistance breeding.

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