Vol 116, No 1 (Supplement) 2011
Supplement abstract

Effects of Cadmium and vitamin D binding protein-derived macrophage activating factor (DBP-MAF) in human breast cancer cells

Published 2011-11-23

Keywords

  • human breast cancer,
  • macrophages,
  • morphology,
  • angiogenesis

How to Cite

Gulisano, M., Punzi, T., Morucci, G., & Ruggiero, M. (2011). Effects of Cadmium and vitamin D binding protein-derived macrophage activating factor (DBP-MAF) in human breast cancer cells. Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology, 116(2), 91. Retrieved from https://oajournals.fupress.net/index.php/ijae/article/view/4665

Abstract

We previously demonstrated that chronic exposure of the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 to non-cytotoxic concentrations of Cadmium reduced viability and angiogenic potential of this cell line. In order to better understand these effects, cells, after Cadmium exposure, were treated with vitamin D binding protein-derived macrophage activating factor (DBP-MAF). DBP-MAF is a potent macrophage-activating factor derived from vitamin D binding protein, a polymorphic serum glycoprotein with multiple functions also known as a group specific component or Gc protein. Besides stimulating macrophages, DBP-MAF has anti-tumour properties. Our data demonstrate that the decrease of MCF-7 cell viability following Cadmium treatment was completely reversed when DBP-MAF was present in the cell medium. Following this observation, we further investigated the role of DBP-MAF in modulating angiogenesis, morphology and cytoskeleton structure of MCF-7 cell line. As shown by chorioallantoic membrane assay, DBP-MAF inhibited MCF-7 cancer cell-stimulated angiogenesis. Concerning cell morphology (studied by contrast phase light microscopy and after Papanicolaou staining), following DBP-MAF treatment, cell shape and growth pattern were significantly modified. Vimentin expression (studied by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis), considered a hallmark of human breast cancer progression, after DBP-MAF treatment, significantly varied. Intermediate filament status changes, consisting in a shift from a keratin-rich to a vimentin-rich network (epithelial-mesenchymal transition), were observed. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the anti-cancer effects of DBP-MAF can be attributed to multiple actions independent of macrophage stimulation such as reversal of Cadmium effects on cell viability, reversal of morphological malignant phenotype and inhibition of cancer cell-stimulated angiogenesis. For these reasons, DBP-MAF might represent an useful tool to control progression and differentiation of human breast cancer.