Accessible anatomy education: the Utibilius Project as a model for inclusive learning

Abstract

Background. Anatomy education, with its dense visual landscapes and intricate terminology, represents a formidable obstacle for all the students but particularly for those with disabilities and specific learning disorders (SLD). Despite legal mandates for equal educational opportunities, the field lacks widespread implementation of effective learning enhancers, jeopardizing inclusivity, and academic success. Methods. This study investigated into the pressing need for accessible learning materials in anatomy education. A pilot survey assessed faculty awareness of students with disabilities and SLD within their courses, along with their knowledge and utilization of learning enhancers. To address this gap, the “Utibilius Project” of the University of Pisa developed and implemented a suite of accessible resources, including: 1) Edited PowerPoint presentations with improved layout, enhanced accessibility features, and clear explanations; 2) Implementation of dedicated fonts optimized for readability, reducing visual strain and cognitive load; 3) Comprehensive guidance on accessibility tools like screen readers and mind or conceptual maps, empowering students with diverse learning needs. Results. The survey (30.7% response rate) unveiled a concerning lack of faculty awareness regarding the presence and specific needs of students with disabilities and SLD. While most express interest in acquiring further knowledge, their understanding of learning enhancers and their potential to enhance student learning remained limited. The Utibilius Project effectively demonstrated the feasibility and transformative potential of accessible resources. Early data suggested significant improvements in the learning experience for students with diverse needs, particularly in the challenging domain of anatomy education. Conclusions. This study underscored the critical and urgent need for accessible learning materials in anatomy education. The Utibilius Project serves as a valuable model, paving the way for a more inclusive and effective learning environment where all students, regardless of individual differences, have equal access to the complex and crucial information within the field. While acknowledging the limitations of the pilot survey, such as its sample size, the findings call for further research to evaluate the long-term impact of these interventions and identify additional strategies to address the specific needs of students with disabilities and SLD in anatomy education. Additionally, exploring the broader benefits of accessible learning materials, such as their potential to improve student engagement and motivation, holds significant promise for enhancing the educational experience for all.