Nazionalismo etnico-culturale e nazionalismo religioso

Abstract

The process of globalization has followed logics that have not take account of borders and national economic interests. The states appear in difficulty while under and above them are being defined relations and economic flows that transcend them, when they do not ignore them. In addition the massive migration due to wars, famines and hunger are transforming the nations in multi-ethnic and multi-cultural states. The advance of identity fragmentation and the loss of national power facilitates the hiring of an identity based on religion and gives people the advantage of becoming part of an organized community featuring common values. This explains the great attraction that fundamentalism, not only Muslim, but Hindu or Jewish or Christian, exercising on an ever-increasing mass of people. In front of the disorientation linked to the nation’s crisis, religion appears to be the most solid institution, the only one able to offer models of behavior and available alternative. Such as nationalism had been an answer in terms of social cohesion respect to class conflict, the religious nationalism may appear as a cohesive force in front of loss of traditional national identity, reassembling and redrawing boundaries and territories.