Abstract
The Medical School of Pistoia had his birth by order of Granduke Peter Leopold von Habsburg Lorraine that, April 1 1778, decided the independence of the Ceppo Hospital from the Florentine medical center of Santa Maria Nuova. The Hospital of Pistoia had soon a new structure and the Ceppo and the old St Gregory Hospital were united, as Royal United Hospitals of Pistoia and had an organic rule in September 11 1784. To the traditional teaching topics: Anatomy, Surgery Institutes, Surgery and Pharmacy were added Surgery Operations on Corpses, Obstetrics and Practical Medicine. In the School of Pistoia and in his elegant anatomic theatre we see at work Bernardino Vitoni, Luigi and Francesco Camici, clever in Surgery. Interesting, in the same period, is the figure of Luigi Cecchini, Professor of Forensic Medicine. Luigi and Carlo Biagini were master in Obstetrics, while Ercole Gigli and Luigi Nerucci in Physiology and Clinical Medicine. Filippo Civinini and Atto Tigri were clever in Anatomy but Filippo Pacini was, without any doubt, the most important researcher. Thanks to a microscope, kind gift of the maecenas Niccolò Puccini, he was able to see for the first time, in 1854, the Vibrio Cholerae, many years before Koch.
