Appendice bio-bibliografica su autori e autrici
Vlad Alalykin-Izvekov is a social scholar whose research explores the intersections of international relations theory, artificial intelligence, and civilizational dynamics. His current work examines the political economy of digital systems and the ways AI technologies reshape global structures of governance and knowledge. Vlad holds a Ph.D. and has worked across both academic and policy environments. His recent publications and projects engage with questions of neoliberalism, technological sovereignty, and global transformations in the information age. Recent Publications: (2025) «Civilization, Civilizations, Civilizational State: Untangling Civilizational Discontents in International Relations Theory» Comparative Civilizations Review: Vol. 92: No. 1, Article 13; (2024) «Book Review: Liberalism, Realism, or … Integralism? Perusing John J. Mearsheimer’s book The Great Delusion», Comparative Civilizations Review: Vol. 91: No. 1, Article 20; (2023) «Thinking Ahead: The Advent of New Paradigms in International Relations Theory», Comparative Civilizations Review: Vol. 88: No. 88, Article 7.
Giulia Allegrini, PhD in Sociology, Associate professor in Sociology of Cultural Processes and Communication, at the Department of the Arts – University of Bologna. Her research interests concern the role of culture and artistic practices in the generation of social changes with a focus on the relationship between practices and imaginaries; Audiences development and engagement practices; Participation, social innovation and collaborative governance, also within the art system. She has carried out research activities in several national and European projects. For several years she has designed and implemented participatory action-research project in dialogue with public administrations and civil society organizations.
Gaia Antinelli is a PhD Student of the Joint International PhD in Social Representations, Culture and Communication at Sapienza University of Rome, where she also earned her Master’s degree in Media, Digital Communication and Journalism. Her doctoral research focuses on the issue of the gender gap within organizational cultures. In addition, her research interests are increasingly oriented toward the field of Gender Media Studies, including international collaborations, with particular attention to the representation of online violence, Incel communities and methods for investigating closed groups.
Daniele Battista, PhD, is a Postdoctoral Researcher at the Department of Business Sciences – Management & Innovation Systems at the University of Salerno. His research focuses on digital media, with particular attention to the interaction between social networks, political communication, and the broader implications for democratic processes. His studies examine how platforms such as TikTok, Instagram, and X are reshaping political discourse, civic engagement, and the dissemination of information in the age of disinformation. He is the author of the book TikTok Politics: Influences and Social Interactions (Meltemi, 2024), which analyses the platform’s role in shaping political narratives and mobilizing engagement. He has also published numerous contributions in international academic journals and conferences, addressing topics such as the dynamics of disinformation and the implications of emerging media technologies today. Additionally, he has served as a Visiting Professor at Epoka University (Albania), where he collaborated on research projects on digital transformations and taught courses on digital media strategies and political communication.
Fabiana Battisti (Ph.D., Sapienza University of Rome) is a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Rome Tor Vergata, where she teaches Sociology of Cultural and Communication Processes (GSPS-06/A) in four bachelor’s degree programmes and a master’s degree programme in the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery. In 2023, she was a Visiting Fellow at the Africa Media Matrix School of Journalism and Media Studies (Rhodes University, South Africa). Her work focuses on the framing processes involved in the construction of social representations of diversity, particularly disability, in the public sphere and the social imagination. Her main research interests include media ethics, diversity and decolonisation, journalistic roles and experiences, digital culture and participatory processes. Her work has been presented at European and international conferences and appears in international journals, including ICA, IAMCR, Journalism and Journalism Practice.
Francesca Belotti (PhD) is a Researcher at the University of L’Aquila (Italy). Her interests include media activism, digital ageism and sexism, online gender violence, and recently also tourism platformization. Her work has been published in New Media & Society, Media Culture & Society, International Journal of Press/Politics among other international journals.
Martina Bertino is a PhD in Sociology at the University of Granada, a German teacher in secondary schools in Italy. Her doctoral thesis research is based on neo-rural movements such as the permaculture movement in Sicily. She has participated in several conferences organised by the European Sociological Association. Her research interests include sociolinguistic analysis of Italian compared to German and drama pedagogy. In 2010 she obtained a master’s degree in documentary video at the Accademia di Fine Arts Academy of Catania with ethnographic research on historical women emigration from Sicily to Australia. She has published in academic journals such as Scenario UCC, Lend and Ager.
Marco Binotto is Associate Professor at the Department of Communication and Social Research where he teaches Communication and responsible consumption and Sociology of culture. He has coordinated many researches on the media representation of immigrants in Italy.
Giulia Candeloro is a PhD candidate in “Business and Behavioral Sciences” at the University of Chieti–Pescara (Italy). She has extensively worked in the field of strategic planning and impact evaluation, both applied to the culture, sustainability and cooperativism sectors. Her research results are published in international journals such as Cities, Frontiers in Built Environment e Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry.
Teresa Carlone, PhD in Sociology, fixed-term researcher in Tenure Track (RTT) at the Department the Arts. She works on cultures and practices of participation, co-design methodologies in public policy and cultural welfare, urban commons, and collaborative governance. Always locally engaged in citizen participation processes, she has been involved in interdisciplinary research projects at the intersection of climate change impacts, citizen engagement, and social and environmental justice. In recent years, she has focused part of her academic interests on gender and feminist perspectives in the study of public space and the representation of women and gender minority citizens, with a particular focus on data feminism and public policy through participatory and creative methodologies.
Milena Cassella is Research Fellow at the Department of Communication and Social Research, Sapienza University of Rome. Her research activities focus on the dynamics of production, network logics and participatory processes in cultural organisations and urban contexts.
Marianna Coppola è Ricercatrice di tipo A – GSPS-06/A – Sociologia dei processi culturali e comunicativi, insegna Sociologia dei contesti educativi presso CLM Scienze pedagogiche, Media Comunicazione e Sport presso CLM Organizzazione e gestione dei servizi per lo sport e le attività motorie all’Università Telematica Giustino Fortunato di Benevento. È membro della Società Identità, Genere e Sessualità (SIGIS); è affiliata alla rete GIFTS – Studi di Genere, Intersex, Femministi, Transfemministi e sulla Sessualità, è iscritta all’Ordine degli Psicologi della Regione Campania dal 2010.
È stata Visiting Researcher presso l’University of Finance and Administration of Prague nel 2022.
Le sue aree di ricerca riguardano Genere e sessualità, Digital Death, Spiritualità e media digitali, Socializzazione web-mediata.
Francesca Cubeddu has a PhD in Educational and Social Theory and Research from Roma Tre University. She is currently a researcher at the Institute for Research on Population and Social Policies (IRPPS) – National Research Council (CNR) in Italy, previously a research fellow at Roma Tre University. She is a contract lecturer at the University of Salerno and at the Higher Institute of Religious Sciences ‘SS. Vitale e Agricola’ in Bologna, linked to the Theological Faculty of Emilia-Romagna. Winner of the 2020 Pareto Prize for Sociology (University of Perugia, Italy). Member of national and international research groups, since 2022 she has been part of the international research group at the Federal University of Espírito Santo (Brazil). She has collaborated with universities, trade unions, research bodies and third sector organisations. Her main research interests are in the field of cultural and institutional systems, studies on the culture of sustainability and educational processes. Her latest publications include: Cubeddu F. (2024), Culture, Communication, Resilience. Society between risks, crises and emergencies [Culture, Comunicazione, Resilienza. La società fra rischi crisi ed emergenze], Paolo Loffredo publisher, Naples.
Salyanna de Souza Silva is a Social Worker. She has been an associate professor at the Department of Social Work since 2018 and a permanent professor at the Postgraduate Program in Social Policy of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES) since 2021. Member of the Center for Labor Studies (NET-UFES). She completed her postdoctoral fellowship at the State University of Ceará – UECE in 2017. She obtained a PhD in Social Work from the University of Roma Tre (2016), the title of her thesis “Women’s perspective on policies to combat poverty – a comparative analysis between Brazil and Italy”. Master’s Degree in Social Work from the Federal University of Pernambuco – UFPE (2011) and Bachelor’s Degree in Social Work from the State University of Ceará – UECE (2008). She mainly studies: the professional work of Social Work in social welfare policy; Professional ethics; Marxist thought in Antonio Gramsci and José Carlos Mariátegui.
Pietro Demurtas is a sociologist. He is currently PHD student in methodology of Social Sciences at the Dept. of Communication and Social Research, Sapienza – University of Rome and researcher fellow at Institute for Research on Population and Social Politicy – Italian Research Council. His main field of interest are: demographic trends, market labour analysis in a gender perspective and discrimination. By working in collaboration with the IRPPS-CNR he has taken part to National and International projects and he has acquired competences and experiences in statistical data analysis, in conducting face to face interviews, in the implementation and analysis of attitudinal surveys and Delphi Study, in planning focus groups, and in Report writing. He has participated in several international, and national conferences and workshops and presented papers.
Nuran Erol Işık is a Professor of Sociology at Ege University in Izmir, Turkey. She earned her Ph.D. in Sociology from Michigan State University, where her dissertation examined discourses in The New York Times. Throughout her career, she has conducted research on the sociology of music and ethnographic studies. Her research interests encompass the sociology of culture and media, political sociology, narratives in sociology, popular culture, the sociology of music, popular religion, and qualitative research methods. Her recent publications include articles on Alevi culture in Turkey, narrative methods in sociology, and reality shows in the media.
Angelo Galiano è dottore di ricerca in Human and Social Sciences e attualmente assegnista di ricerca presso il Dipartimento di Scienze Umane e Sociali dell’Università del Salento. È affiliato al Center for Conflict and Participation Studies (CCPS). I suoi interessi di ricerca si concentrano principalmente su movimenti sociali, partecipazione politica e conflitti territoriali. Nel 2025 ha pubblicato, insieme a Fabio de Nardis, il volume Conflitti meridiani. Proteste territoriali e soggettivazione politica nel Finis Terrae, recentemente tradotto in inglese con il titolo Margins in Revolt. Extractive Rule and Social Struggles in Southern Italy.
Marta Gallina is Associate Professor in Political Science at the Catholic University of Lille within the European School of Political and Social Sciences (ESPOL). Previously, she worked as postdoctoral researcher in different institutions, such as the Autonomous University of Barcelona in Spain, Waseda University in Japan and the Catholic University of Louvain in Belgium. She received her PhD in Political Science from the Catholic University of Louvain in 2021. Her work appeared in scientific journals such as Political Studies, Swiss Political Science Review, Acta Politica and Regional and Federal Studies.
Brian Joseph Gilley, PhD is a full professor of anthropology at Indiana University Bloomington (USA) and associate researcher at the International Lab for Innovative Cultural and Social Research (ILIS) at the University of Salerno. Professor Gilley is the author of numerous books, articles and book chapters, among the most recent of which are: Non-Binary Family Configurations (2022; with G. Masullo), Queering the Countryside (2016; with C. Johnson and M. Gray), Queer Indigenous Studies (2011; with Q. Driskill et al.) and Becoming Two-Spirit (2006). His areas of research focus on the co-construction of power and difference in social phenomena.
Patrizia La Trecchia is Associate Professor and the Founding Head of Italian Studies as well as the Founding Director of the Environmental Humanities Intiative at the University of South Florida (Tampa, FL, United States). A cultural studies scholar, her work lies at the intersection of food studies and the environmental humanities, and she pioneered the field of food studies at the University of South Florida. Her research has been published in leading journals such as Gastronomica: The Journal for Food Studies, Communication/Critical Cultural Studies, Studies in European Cinema, Mondi Migranti, Italica, and Italian Americana. Her forthcoming monographs include Reframing Naples: The South in Global Perspective (Palgrave, 2026) and The Politics of Food Justice in Italy: Feminist Ecologies of Care and Decolonization (Routledge, 2026). She serves on the board of the Association for the Study of Food and Society (ASFS), the editorial board for Scienze Sociali Nuova Serie Book Series by Paolo Loffredo Editore, and the committee of the Observatory on International Cooperation for Sustainable Development at the Department of Political Science and Communication, University of Salerno. She is also associate member of Narratives and Social Changes-International Research Group (NaSC-IRG) and a member of the interdisciplinary research group Margini/Margins. Spazi, potere, canone/ Spaces, Power, Canon and of the JUST Center at the University of Manchester. In 2014, she was a Visiting Scholar at the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations and contributed to the Milan Protocol. In February 2013, she was selected to deliver a TEDx talk on food waste.
Michela Luzi è professoressa associata in Sociologia dei fenomeni politici, docente di Sociologia dei processi economici e del lavoro e coordinatrice del corso di laurea magistrale LM88 Sociologia e Ricerca sociale, presso l’Università degli Studi Niccolò Cusano di Roma. Si interessa di fenomeni sociali e politici, nello specifico dello sviluppo del territorio, questioni di genere e dinamiche internazionali.
Emiliana Mangone Full Professor of Sociology of Culture and Communication at the University of Salerno, Department of Political and Communication Scineces. She directs the Narratives and Social Changes-International Research Group (NaSC-IRG, 2020-2026). Her research interests focus on cultural and institutional systems, with particular attention to social representations, relational processes, knowledge and narration as key elements of action, migration studies, as well as the thought of Pitirim A. Sorokin.
María Dolores Martín-Lagos López is a Full Professor at the University of Granada. Her research interests focus on the sociology of consumption, education, and rural sociology. In particular, she addresses issues related to educational inequalities, youth and responsible consumption, as well as the transition from urban life to neo-rurality. She has published in academic journals such as Revista Internacional de Sociología and Revista Española de Sociología.
Luciana Mastrolonardo (architect, PhD) is Assistant Professor at the University of Chieti-Pescara (Italy). She works in the field of technology and environmental design, evaluating sustainability and urban metabolism in action-research with housing cooperatives in rural areas. Her research results are published on Techne, Vitruvio and other international journals.
Giuseppe Masullo, Ph.D, is associate professor of Sociology at the University of Salerno (Italy). He is Director of the International Lab for Innovative Cultural and Social Research (ILIS). His main research interests are in the field of digital methods applied to the study of disadvantaged and discriminated categories due to their gender, cultural and sexual identity. He recently published: Epistemology and methods of Italian sociology. Origins, history and perspectives, (PM editions, 2024), (with M. Coppola), Masculinities and Caring Professions. The Case Study of Students Enrolled in University Courses in Educational Disciplines. FuoriLuogo, 1-14, 2024.
Peter Mayo is a professor in educational sociology and general sociology at the Department of Arts, Open Communities and Adult Education, University of Malta. Publisher, writer, member of the Teaching Board for the PhD program in Educational Sciences and continuous education at the University of Verona. Visiting Professor at the Institute of Education, UCL, London (2016-2018). He was the President of the Mediterranean Society of Comparative Education from 2008 to 2010. Author of numerous books on critical pedagogy, Gramsci, Freire, on post-colonialism.
Benedetta Nicoli (PhD in Sociologia) è ricercatrice post-doc in Sociologia presso l’Università Cattolica di Milano, dove da diversi anni collabora con il Centre for the Anthropology of Religion and Generative Studies (ARC). È stata visiting scholar presso il Center for Study of Religion and Society dell’Università di Notre Dame (Indiana). Tra le sue pubblicazioni più recenti: Al confine tra scienza e religione. Genetica e neuroscienze di fronte alle questioni ultime, Mimesis (2021); Expanded View of Ultimate Questions in Public Communication of Science: Qualitative Discourse Analysis of Genetics and Neuroscience, Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion (2024); The Enchantment of Science: Aesthetics and Spirituality in Scientific Work, Sociology of Religion (2024); “Limit Situations” and Sociological Theory: Implications for the Study of Vulnerability and Engaged Spirituality, Religions (2025). Collabora regolarmente ad attività di ricerca nazionale e internazionale, come ad esempio gli studi internazionali Work and Well-Being in Science, 2020-2023 e Meaning and Mystery in Science, 2023-2026, finanziati dalla John Templeton Foundation. I suoi interessi di ricerca riguardano principalmente la secolarizzazione, le questioni ultime, la produzione sociale di conoscenza scientifica, la liminalità, l’incanto, le pratiche di cura della vulnerabilità.
Antonio Opromolla (PhD) is a Researcher at the University of L’Aquila (Italy). He studies the impact of digital technologies on public services and urban spaces, and explores civic engagement processes through digital co-design. His work has been published in journals such as International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, Mediascapes Journal and Sociologia Italiana.
Stefania Parisi (PhD) is Full Professor at Sapienza University of Rome (Italy). Her research interests focus on the relationship between the media system and social structure, the sociocultural transformations associated with the evolution of the Internet—also from a gender perspective—and the nexus between media and urban space. Her work has been published in journals such as American Behavioral Scientist, Comunicazione Politica, and Problemi dell’Informazione.
Fiorenzo Parziale è professore associato presso il Dipartimento di Comunicazione e Ricerca Sociale dell’Università di Roma “La Sapienza”. Insegna Sociologia dei Processi Culturali e Sociologia della Famiglia. Inoltre, è caporedattore della collana scientifica “Teoria e Ricerca Sociale e Politica”, fa parte della redazione di “Sociologie” (di cui è stato condirettore nel 2020 e 2021) e di “Quaderni di Teoria Sociale”. Collabora come referee per altre riviste sociologiche (Sociologia e Ricerca Sociale, Scuola Democratica, Italian Journal of Sociology of Education, Meridiana, Cambio, Poetics, Quaderni di Teoria Sociale, Social Indicators Research, etc.). Per quanto riguarda le attività istituzionali, è membro del Comitato di Monitoraggio della Facoltà di Scienze Politiche, Sociologia, Comunicazione, ed è responsabile del servizio OFA (Obblighi Formativi Aggiuntivi).
Gaia Peruzzi is Associate Professor in Sociology of Cultural and Communicative Processes at Sapienza University of Rome, where she teaches Sociology of Cultural Processes and Media Gender Diversity. She has also held courses on these topics at the Universities of USP Sao Paulo, Lyon 2 Lumière, Paris VIII. She is Director of the Master I in Europlanning and European Professions of Sapienza, and member of the International Joint PhD on Social Representations, Culture and Communication. Since many years she has been directing for the National Forum of the Third Sector a training course of the project for the Education of the Third Sector’s Executives, financed by the Fondazione con il Sud, on social communication and gender issues. She has been working for many years on gender cultures and representations. Since 2025 she has been in charge of Sapienza’s Third Mission project Against the gender gap and gender discrimination in Third Sector organizations. Training, networking, communication. Publications on the subject include: 2023 (with V. Bernardini and R. Lombardi) “Gender issues for Italian young people. Exploring gender identities and cultures in social autobiographies”, Journal of Youth Studies, 26/4, 507-521; 2022 (with V. Bernardini and Y. Riyahi) “Women’s statues in Italian cities. A study in public art and cultural policies”, International Journal of Cultural Policy, 30(1), 49-66.
Lucia Picarella is Associate Professor of Sociology of Culture and Communication at the Department of Social Sciences, University of Foggia (Italy). From 2013 to January 2025 she was Researcher and Professor at the Faculty of Law of the Catholic University of Colombia (Bogotá, Colombia). From 2008 to 2013 she was adjunct professor at the Faculty of Political Science, University of Salerno. She is a co-founding member and Scientific Coordinator of the research area “Politics, Conflict, Participation” of the Narratives and Social Changes-International Research Group (NaSC-IRG), and she is the Scientific Director of the Instituto Caribeño de Altos Estudios Políticos y Sociales (ICAEPS). She is a member of national and international research units and groups, a lecturer at national and international events, and a visiting professor at Latin American universities. She was editor in chief of Cultura Latinoamericana. Revista de Estudios Interculturales (2015-2025), and is currently a member of the Editorial Board of international journals. Recent publications include: L. Picarella (with E. Mangone), Guerre culturali e società frammentata. Dalla cancel culture al woke capitalism. vol. 5, p. 9-154, Napoli:Paolo Loffredo, 2024; L. Picarella (with F. Cubeddu), Sustainability cultures and communication between woke capitalism and greenwashing: case studies in Latin America and Europe (pp.119-138). In D’Andrea F. (ed.). Extending the Idea of Environment: New Perspectives and Tools for a new Knowledge. Vernon Press, 2025; L. Picarella, Intersections in the digital society: cancel culture, fake news, and contemporary public discourse. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY, vol. 9, 2024.
Gisele Caroline Ribeiro Anselmo is an Associate Professor at the Department of Social Work at the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB) and a permanent faculty member of the Graduate Program in Social Work (PPGSS/UFPB) since 2022. She is a member of the Center for Studies and Research in Social Policies (NEPPS – PPGSS – UFPB). She completed her postdoctoral studies at the School of Social Work at the State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN, 2019). She holds a PhD in Social Work from the Università degli Studi Roma Tre (Italy, 2016), a Professional Master’s Degree in Social Work with a focus on “Work, Social Citizenship, and Interculturality” from Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia (2012), and a Academic Master’s Degree in Social Work from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio, 2008), where she also earned her undergraduate degree (2005). Her main research interests include social policy, family, children and adolescents, international adoption, income transfer programs, immigration, and the theoretical-methodological foundations of Brazilian and Italian social work.
Sati Sarıarslan Atli has a Ph.D. in Folklore from Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Turkey, where she studied an Alevi folk poet whose interpretations constituted a unique subculture. She received third place in the Doctoral Category at the III. International Alevism and Bektashism Studies Science Awards Ceremony organized by the Alevi Foundations Federation in 2025. Dr. Sarıarslan Atli has been serving as an Alevi-Bektashi Culture and Cemevi Expert at the Presidency of Alevi-Bektashi Culture and Cemevi under the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Türkiye since July 2023. Within the Cemevi Services Department of the Presidency, she was appointed as the expert responsible for the cemevis (Alevi-Bektashi places of worship) located in Central Anatolia region conducting extensive field studies in urban and rural settings. She was also appointed as a member of the Publications Coordination Unit of the Education and Publication Department of the Presidency, holding the position of writing and language editor for the journal “KÜN-AY Journal of Alevism and Bektashism Studies.” Within the Education Coordination Unit, she is involved in the Presidency’s “Alevism-Bektashism Oral History Project,” conducting interviews with religious and opinion leaders. Along with her books on folk poets in Turkish culture, she is also an editor of several books on Alevi culture in Turkey.
Michele Sorice Full Professor of Sociology of Culture and Communication at Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Communication and Social Research (CoRiS). He teaches Communication and Civic Engagement and Theories of Communication and Digital Media. He is a member of the teaching staff of the Joint International Doctorate in Social Representations, Culture and Communication at Sapienza University of Rome, where he coordinates the Media and Democracy Research Unit. Main research areas: Critical media studies, sociology, democratic innovation, third sector, activism, civic engagement, digital platforms.
Ignazio Terrana, PhD Candidate in “Social Representations, Culture and Communication” at the Department of Communication and Social Research. His research focuses on the narratives and power dynamics of the energy transition, with a specific emphasis on Renewable Energy Communities (RECs).
Fabio Virgilio (PhD) works at CulTurMedia-Legacoop (Italy) with studies and interventions in the field of platform cooperativism applied to sustainable tourism. He also has research experience on issues related to online gender violence, which he recently wrote about in the About Gender journal.
Andrea Volterrani is Associate Professor in Sociology of Cultural and Communicative Processes at the University of Rome Tor Vergata. He is Director of the Master in Social Communication and the Master in Agriculture at the same University and is a member of the board of the International Doctorate in ‘Social representations, culture and communication’ at Sapienza University. He has coordinated 14 European projects (Horizon, ErasmusPlus, Horizon Home Internal Security Fund, Cerv, DgEcho, DgEnterprise) in the last 7 years and numerous national research and training projects. Its main lines of research concern participatory processes for sustainable development and technological innovation, social and digital vulnerabilities, liminal communities and new forms of mutuality, social communication and prevention.
Elena Zizioli è docente presso il Dipartimento di Scienze della Formazione dell’Università degli Studi “Roma Tre”. È impegnata da anni in progetti socio-educativi ed è socia/attivista IBBY; collabora con il CREIFOS (Centro di ricerca sull’educazione interculturale e sulla formazione allo sviluppo), con il Laboratorio St.E.L.I. (Storia dell’Educazione e Letteratura per l’infanzia) e fa parte del Consiglio Scientifico del MUSEd (Museo della Scuola e dell’Educazione “Mauro Laeng”). È autrice di testi e saggi sulla storia dell’educazione, sulla letteratura per l’infanzia e sulla narrazione come dispositivo pedagogico per il dialogo interculturale.